The Sundarbans region, with its humid tropical climate and mineral-rich alluvial soil, is an ideal location for cultivating premium-quality black pepper. Known as the “King of Spices,” black pepper grown here offers exceptional flavor, aroma, and medicinal value. Sundarbans Black Pepper Farms focus on sustainable, organic cultivation practices while preserving local biodiversity and empowering rural farmers.
Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is one of the oldest and most globally traded spices, originating in the tropical forests of South India and the Western Ghats. It spread through ancient trade routes to Egypt, Rome, China, and Europe. Today, black pepper is cultivated in tropical regions across Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The Sundarbans, with its unique deltaic ecosystem, has emerged as a new frontier in high-quality black pepper production, offering premium spice with enhanced oil and piperine content.
Sundarbans Black Pepper Farms are dedicated to cultivating organically grown black pepper vines using eco-friendly practices. The region’s microclimate contributes to the richness in essential oils and bold flavor of the peppercorns, making it a valuable export and health supplement.
🔹 Botanical Name: Piper nigrum
🔹 Family: Piperaceae
🔹 Lifespan: 10–15 years per vine
🔹 First Harvest: 2.5 to 3 years after planting
🔹 Yield Potential: 1.5 to 2.5 kg of dry pepper per vine annually (1.5 to 2 tons/acre)
Sundarbans Black Pepper is packed with piperine, a bioactive compound known for its powerful antioxidant properties. It neutralizes free radicals in the body, reducing oxidative stress that leads to aging, inflammation, and chronic diseases.
Black pepper stimulates the secretion of digestive enzymes like hydrochloric acid, aiding in the breakdown of food. Regular consumption of black pepper can help prevent bloating, gas, indigestion, and constipation, making it a natural digestive enhancer.
Piperine significantly enhances the bioavailability of nutrients like vitamins A, C, selenium, and curcumin (from turmeric). This means your body absorbs and utilizes nutrients more effectively, making every meal healthier when black pepper is included.
Black pepper helps in breaking down fat cells more efficiently due to its thermogenic properties, which increase metabolism. Combined with a healthy diet, it aids in fat loss, weight control, and detoxification of the body.
Loaded with antibacterial and antifungal compounds, black pepper acts as a natural shield against infections. The high piperine content of Sundarbans-grown pepper strengthens the immune system, helping the body fight off pathogens and seasonal illnesses.
Studies have shown that black pepper may improve insulin sensitivity and regulate blood glucose levels. Including it in meals can contribute to better diabetes management and reduced sugar spikes, making it a smart choice for those with or at risk of type 2 diabetes.
Piperine supports cognitive function, boosts memory, and may reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. It works by stimulating brain chemicals like dopamine and serotonin, improving mood and mental clarity.
Due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, black pepper can reduce discomfort from conditions such as arthritis, muscle pain, and joint stiffness. Piperine interacts with pain receptors and reduces inflammation, providing natural relief.
The warm and spicy nature of black pepper helps loosen phlegm and clear respiratory pathways. It is a time-tested remedy for colds, coughs, bronchitis, and even asthma. Sundarbans pepper, grown in coastal purity, offers enhanced potency in traditional remedies.
Black pepper helps detoxify the skin and cleanse pores due to its antibacterial properties. It also improves blood circulation, which can support hair growth and a healthy scalp. Its antioxidant content helps delay signs of aging such as wrinkles and blemishes.
Temperature: 23°C to 32°C
Rainfall: 2000 mm to 3000 mm annually
Altitude: Sea level to 1200 meters
Humidity: 70% to 90% relative humidity ideal
Type: Well-drained loamy soil with good organic matter
pH Level: 5.5 to 6.5
Soil Depth: Minimum 1 meter for proper root development
Fertility: High organic content preferred with natural mulch
Clearing: Remove weeds and prepare live support trees or standards
Ploughing: Deep plough and level the field
Pit Preparation: 50 x 50 x 50 cm pits filled with compost and topsoil
Spacing: 2.5 m x 2.5 m (approximately 1600 vines per hectare)
Planting Season: Monsoon (June to August) or early summer with irrigation
Plant Selection – Grafting/Seedlings: Use rooted cuttings or grafted high-yielding varieties on disease-free rootstocks
Young Trees: Light watering twice a week in dry season
Mature Trees: Watering during flowering and berry formation stages
Drip Irrigation: Recommended for moisture control and efficient water use
Fertilization Schedule: Organic fertilizer or NPK (50:50:50 g/vine) every 6 months
Organic Manures: Vermicompost, neem cake, green mulch
Foliar Sprays: Micronutrient and seaweed extract sprays during active growth
Initial Training: Guide vines on live standards or trellis systems
Annual Pruning: Remove dead, diseased, and tangled branches post-harvest
Common Pests: Pollu beetle, scale insects, mealybugs
Common Diseases: Quick wilt (Phytophthora), anthracnose, foot rot
Control Measures: Neem oil sprays, Trichoderma bio-fungicide, and Bordeaux mixture
First Harvest: After 2.5 to 3 years
Maturity Time: When berries turn red or dark green
Harvest Method: Hand picking or bunch clipping followed by drying
Yield: 1.5 to 2.5 kg dry pepper per vine annually
Drying: Sun-dry berries for 4–6 days until black and hard
Grading and Sorting: Based on size, color, and weight
Storage: Store in airtight containers in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight
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